Iindaba
Imiphumo yemibala eyahlukeneyo yokukhanya kumzimba womntu
Imibala kwimibala eyahlukeneyo ineempembelelo ezahlukeneyo eluswini. Nantsi eminye imibala eqhelekileyo kunye neziphumo zayo ezinokuthi zibe kho eluswini:
I-Ultraviolet (UV): Imitha ye-Ultraviolet yahlulwe ibe yi-UVA, UVB kunye ne-UVC. I-UVA inobude obude kwaye inokudlula kwiglasi, kwaye inoxanduva ikakhulu lokuguga kwesikhumba kunye nokubumba imibimbi. I-UVB inobude obufutshane kwaye inokubangela ukutshiswa lilanga kunye ne-solar dermatitis. Ikwangomnye woothunywashe abaphambili ekubangeleni umhlaza wolusu. I-UVC inobude obufutshane, idla ngokufunxwa ngumoya ojikeleze umhlaba, kwaye ayinayo impembelelo encinci emzimbeni womntu.
Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: Ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kukwibhendi ephezulu yefrikhwensi yespectrum ebonakalayo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa yokuthandwa kwezixhobo zombane, ukuvezwa kwabantu ekukhanyeni okuluhlaza kuye kwanda. Ukuvezwa ixesha elide kukukhanya okuluhlaza kunokubangela ukudumba kolusu, konakalise iiseli ze-epidermal, kunye nokukhawulezisa ukuguga kolusu. Ukongezelela, ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunokuphazamisa ubuthongo kwaye kuchaphazele ukubuyiswa kwesikhumba kunye nokuvuselelwa.
Isibane esibomvu: Isibane esibomvu sinobude obude kwaye sinokungena nzulu eluswini. Ukukhanya okubomvu kucatshangelwa ukukhuthaza ukujikeleza kwegazi, ukwandisa ukuveliswa kwe-collagen kunye nokuvuselelwa kweeseli, kunceda ukuphucula umgangatho wesikhumba kunye nokunciphisa imibimbi.
Ukukhanya okuluhlaza: Ukukhanya okuluhlaza kuphakathi koluhlu lwamaza okukhanya okubonakalayo kwaye kunempembelelo encinci eluswini. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhanya okuluhlaza kusetyenziselwa ukunyanga iingxaki ezithile zolusu, ezinjengobomvu kunye nebala. Inokunceda ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kwaye ikhuthaze ukuthomalalisa nokulungiswa kwesikhumba.
Ukukhanya okutyheli: Ukukhanya okutyheli kukwayinxalenye yokukhanya okubonakalayo kwaye kunobude obude. Ukukhanya okutyheli kunempembelelo encinci eluswini, kodwa isetyenziswa kunyango lobuhle ukuqaqambisa ulusu kunye nokunciphisa imibimbi kunye nokudumba.
Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba iziphumo zemibala eyahlukeneyo kwibala esikhumbeni nazo zihambelana ngokusondeleyo kwizinto ezifana nokukhanya kokukhanya, ixesha lokuvezwa kunye nokungafani komntu ngamnye. Ukongeza, ukugqithiswa kwimitha ye-UV kunokubangela umonakalo wolusu kunye neengxaki zempilo, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba uthathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo okukhusela, njengokusebenzisa i-sunscreen, ukunxiba iminqwazi kunye nezibuko zelanga, ukunciphisa imiphumo yemitha ye-UV.
Itekhnoloji ye-LED iguqule indlela esikhanyisa ngayo amakhaya ethu kunye namashishini. Akugcini nje ukuzisa amandla ombane ekukhanyeni, kukwaphucula umgangatho wokukhanya, okwenza kube lula ukulungelelanisa kwizicwangciso ezahlukeneyo. I-LED imele i-light-emitting diode, isixhobo se-semiconductor esikhupha ukukhanya xa umbane udlula kuyo. Itekhnoloji ye-LED isebenze ngakumbi kunezibane zendabuko ze-incandescent kunye nezibane ze-fluorescent. Kodwa zisebenza kangakanani ii-LEDs?
Esinye sezibonakaliso eziphambili zokukhanyisa ukukhanya kukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Itekhnoloji ye-LED iyaziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwayo okuphantsi kwamandla, okwenza kube lukhetho oludumileyo lokukhanyisa indawo yokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo. Enyanisweni, iibhalbhu ze-LED zonga ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80% ngaphezulu kwamandla kuneebhalbhu ze-incandescent zemveli kwaye malunga ne-20-30% ngaphezulu kunezibane ze-fluorescent. Ukuncitshiswa kokusetyenziswa kwamandla akugcini nje ukuthoba amatyala ombane wabathengi kodwa kunceda kakhulu ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, okwenza iteknoloji ye-LED ibe yindlela yokukhanyisa indalo.
Lilonke, itekhnoloji ye-LED iyasebenza kakhulu ngokwemigaqo yokusetyenziswa kwamandla, ixesha elide, ukuphuma kokukhanya kunye nokulawula. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, ubomi obude, ukukhanya okuphezulu kunye nokusebenza ngokukhawuleza kwenza kube lukhetho oluhle kakhulu lokukhanyisa xa kuthelekiswa nezibane zendabuko ze-incandescent kunye ne-fluorescent. Njengoko imfuno yokonga umbane kunye nezisombululo zokukhanya ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo ziqhubeka zikhula, iteknoloji ye-LED kulindeleke ukuba idlale indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni ikamva lokukhanya.